Rare earth elements in deposited hard coal fly ash in Poland

Rare Earth Elements (REEs), due to their unique properties, are nowadays a desirable raw material, especially in the development of modern technologies. This paper describes 4-step research methodology for task identifying potential REE recovery landfilled fly ash. A literature analysis was performed on significance, occurrence both primary and secondary deposits. Opportunities from coal ash conventional power plants were identified selected technologies described. Poland, as country whose energy sector is large extent based coal, has this respect. Taking into account studies Polish Central Statistical Office (GUS) forecasts policy, article determines approximate value waste stream coal-fired burning hard coal.